![]() It’s known by some as ‘the New Orleans jazz of Brazil’ and, like much jazz, is based on improvisation and also for its dizzying speeds, and surprising changes of harmony. Its roots are in European salon music and Portuguese fado and it’s mainly instrumental, played with a flute a guitar, a clarinet and a cavaquinho – a miniature guitar introduced by the Portuguese. ChoroĬhoro pre-exists samba and literally means ‘crying, sobbing’, despite the music most often being joyous and celebratory. The band leader uses an Apito (a whistle) to signal breaks and calls, with metal drums - Repinique (or the Reps) – leading introductions, played with a wooden stick and one hand Surdo – the large bass drums which old the beat, snare drums, shakers and agogô (double metal cow bells). A samba band consists mainly of percussion instruments playing syncopated rhythms and the music features call-and-response and imitation. Partido Alto has the most pronounced African influence.Īs festive dance music, samba plays a huge role in Brazil’s Carnival celebrations – Carnival is a huge party that takes over the streets in the week leading up to Lent. Samba-choro is a mix of the two genres, while samba-exaltação is the most relaxed type of samba – check out 'Aquarela do Brasil' by Francisco Alves. ‘Enredo’ is Portuguese for ‘plot’ – this style is about singing stories. There are various sub-genres of samba, which include samba-enredo, which is what the ‘samba schools’ perform at the Rio Carnival. The original form of samba is samba de morro (morro meaning hill – it alludes to the slums located on Rio’s hillsides.) Here, the earliest samba style incorporated other music genres in the city, such as the polka, the maxixe, the lundu and the xote, creating a completely unique character. It developed in Brazil in the early 1900s, in Rio’s favelas, with the first recorded version in 1917 ('Pelo Telefone' – ‘By Telephone’). Much like the blues in America, samba was originally a product of the sorrow of slaves who came to Bahia, a region in northeastern Brazil – ‘samba is the father of pleasure and the son of pain’ according to composer Caetano Veloso.īut its combination of music and passion transform sorrow into joy. Samba actually originated in Africa as the music of former slaves and African religions, but has become an icon of Brazilian national identity. The Traditional Brazilian Music Styles You Need to Know Samba However, Brazil is home to many regional musical centres, including the city of Salvador de Baha, with its unique blend of African and Brazilian influences Recife (home to música nordestina or northeastern music) and eastern Amazonia – home to lambada, while Sao Paulo has a thriving rock and punk scene. You can trace its history to the 1930s, when the national radio network made it possible for musicians to capture a national audience. Música popular brasileira, habitually shortened to MPB, is the catch-all term Brazilians use for Brazilian music in general.
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